Rainforest Safety Beyond Mobile Networks

Could low-power wireless technology make remote rainforest exploration safer without conventional mobile coverage?

Exploring Borneo’s rainforests often means travelling beyond the reach of mobile networks. Dense vegetation, mountainous terrain and remote locations can make communication difficult, particularly when hikers become lost or require emergency assistance.

A technology pilot at Sarawak’s Santubong National Park is investigating an alternative approach using LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) and delay-tolerant networking.

The system uses wearable tracking devices to communicate location information and emergency alerts through low-power wireless networks. Unlike conventional mobile communications, LoRaWAN can transmit small amounts of data over considerable distances while consuming relatively little energy.

Delay-tolerant networking adds another capability. Rather than requiring a continuous connection, information can be stored and forwarded when a suitable communication link becomes available.

The APNIC Foundation-supported initiative also envisages local rangers and communities operating the network, potentially creating a more locally managed approach to visitor safety.

However, rainforest terrain presents significant technical challenges. Dense vegetation, steep valleys and heavy rainfall can affect radio performance, while emergency communications require reliable coverage and clear response procedures.

If successful, the technology could have applications beyond hiking, including wildlife monitoring, remote expeditions and community communications.

For Borneo’s growing adventure tourism sector, relatively inexpensive, independent communication networks could become an important safety innovation.